Kuva ku "wangiza" inganda z'inganda kugeza ku "wayoboye" mu gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D - iterambere rya Dalian FASTFORM Technology Co., Ltd.

Bitewe n’iterambere rikomeje ry’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ntabwo bikiri ijambo ridasanzwe ku ba rwiyemezamirimo benshi mu ikoranabuhanga. Mu by’ukuri, kuva mu myaka ya za 80 mu kinyejana gishize, Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D yinjiye mu rwego rw'icyerekezo cy'abantu, kuva icyo gihe iri koranabuhanga mu by'inganda, rizwi nka "Revolutionary" (umuvumbuzi) ryagiye rikoreshwa buhoro buhoro kandi rigatera imbere mu nganda nyinshi, kandi ryagiye rikura rihinduka inganda z'ingenzi zishobora guhura n'umusaruro w'inganda no guhindura inganda.

Mu myaka itandatu ishize, ikinyamakuru cy’Abongereza cyitwa "Economist" cyafashe iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D nk’"impinduramatwara ya gatatu mu nganda", ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ryafatwaga nk'ifite ubushobozi butagira imipaka kandi ryakomeje kwaguka kuva mu ntangiriro, hanyuma rihura n’ikibazo no kugabanuka nyuma yo gukundwa mu buryo butunguranye, kandi byose byasize inyuma umuyobozi w’inganda n’umugongo w’imbaraga nyuma y’imiraba minini.

Dalian FASTFORM Technology Co., Ltd. ni imwe mu masosiyete make yo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D mu Bushinwa yize cyane mu iterambere rya porogaramu ndetse no mu gukora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Binyuze mu ruzinduko n'iperereza bya Dalian FASTFORM Technology Co., Ltd., ikigo gifite ububasha bwo guhagararira no kuvuga, umwanditsi afite ubumenyi buhamye ku ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rya 3D ndetse n'amahirwe yo ku isoko ry'ejo hazaza.

Gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ni iki? Gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D, cyangwa "Inyongeramusaruro"Gukora" nk'uko inganda zibikunda, mu by'ukuri ni inzira yo gukusanya ibikoresho byinshi kugira ngo habeho ikintu gifite imiterere itatu. Kuva mu myaka ya za mirongo inani y'ikinyejana gishize kugeza uyu munsi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D ryagiye ryemerwa buhoro buhoro kandi rikurikiranwa n'isoko. Hari abantu bavuga ko gucapa kwa 3D ari "ibitekerezo byo mu kinyejana gishize, ikoranabuhanga ryo mu kinyejana gishize, n'isoko ry'iki kinyejana".

Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, igitekerezo cy'ingenzi cy'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa hakoreshejwe 3D cyarakozwe, kandi mu myaka ya za 80 y'ikinyejana cya 20, ibikoresho byo gucapa hakoreshejwe 3D byaragaragaye kandi bikoreshwa mu nzego zijyanye nabyo. Mu gihe kirenga imyaka icumi, abahanga mu bya siyansi n'amasosiyete bagiye bakora kugira ngo bagabanye ikiguzi cyo gucapa hakoreshejwe 3D.

Muri iki gihe, gucapa hakoreshejwe 3D bimaze igihe kinini byemewe ku isi yose kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu by’indege, mu nganda zikora imodoka, mu buvuzi, mu burezi, no mu nganda zijyanye n’ubwubatsi. Nk’uko nta muntu n’umwe washoboraga guhanura ko imashini icapa mu 1450, moteri y’umwuka mu 1750 na transistor mu 1950 byahindura ubuzima bw’abantu, ni nako iterambere ryihuse ry’imashini icapa mu 3D ryazamuye umusaruro w’abantu ku rwego rushya.

Bitewe n’agaciro gakomeye k’ubucuruzi bw’icapiro rya 3D, amasosiyete menshi yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga ashishikajwe n’urwego rw’icapiro rya 3D. Ariko, kubera ko isosiyete zikomeye zikiriho, ihuzwa ry’amasosiyete n’igurwa ry’amasosiyete ku isoko, menshi muri ayo masosiyete yavuye mu kazi kubera ibibazo bya tekiniki cyangwa imbogamizi z’amafaranga y’ubushakashatsi. Mu buryo butunguranye, iri soko ry’inyanja y’ubururu, ryari risanzwe rikundwa n’abashoramari, naryo ririmo guhura n’ibibazo n’ibibazo bidasanzwe.

Mu by’ukuri, ikoranabuhanga rya 3D printing ntiryigeze ryongera cyangwa ngo rigabanye agaciro karyo bitewe n’ibitangazamakuru cyangwa gushidikanya kw’abashoramari. Ahubwo, nyuma y’umubatizo w’ubucuruzi, inganda za 3D muri iki gihe zirimo kuzana iterambere rifatika.

Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho bito bikorerwa n’iyi sosiyete bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda z’uburezi n’ubuvuzi. Mu nganda z’ubuvuzi, ibikoresho by’iyi sosiyete bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gucapa ingingo, implants, ubuvuzi bw’amenyo, ingingo n’ibindi bicuruzwa, ibyo bikaba byujuje neza ibisabwa mu buvuzi no kubikora ku giti cyabyo. Hamwe n’amashami menshi y’ubuvuzi, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bihuriweho, kugira ngo kunoze imikorere n’umwihariko w’ibicuruzwa. Byongeye kandi, ubucuruzi bw’ibikoresho bitari iby’icyuma bw’iyi sosiyete bushobora no gutanga uburyo bwo kuboko n’ibindi bikoresho ku bitaro, ku buryo filime ya CT yahoze ifite imiterere ibiri yabaye ikintu cy’umubiri cy’iki gihe gifite imiterere itatu, ikorera inganda z’ubuvuzi ku rugero runini.

Ku bijyanye no gupima indwara, gucapa uturemangingo twa kanseri y'ibere byakozwe na FASTFORM bikorwa mu buryo bwo gupima no gupima imiti binyuze mu gupima no kuyipima.

Muri icyo gihe, ikigo gitanga inkunga ya tekiniki n'ubufasha ku bigo byinshi bito bifite ibyo bakeneye mu bya tekiniki, gikemura ibibazo bya tekiniki by'ibigo bikorana, kandi kigafashanya kugabanya ikiguzi n'ibyago byo mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere.

Nk’inganda zigenda zikura vuba, icapiro rya 3D riracyahura n’ibibazo byinshi bikomeye n’ibibi mu iterambere ryaryo. Ubushakashatsi butinze n’iterambere ry’ibikoresho bishya, ishoramari rihoraho ry’ibiciro ndetse n’ubuke bw’impano za tekiniki byaciye intege ba rwiyemezamirimo n’abashoramari benshi. Ariko, muri uyu mukino hagati yayo n’ikoranabuhanga n’isoko, FASTFORM yatsinze igitutu irahagarara, maze itsinda ry’aba "tech nerd" bafite ibitekerezo bimwe amaherezo bagera ku buhanga bwabo bwite.

Li Shuai, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Dalian FASTFORM Technology Co., Ltd., aracyafite amarangamutima menshi iyo yibutse inzira yo gutangiza ubucuruzi. Avuga ku isano afitanye n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D, Li Shuai yatangiye ubushakashatsi bwe bwimbitse ku ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D, cyane cyane icapiro ry'ibyuma mu buryo bwa 3D, mu gihe yigaga impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga muri Nanyang Polytechnic. Birumvikana ko mu rugendo rw'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga ari ryo shingiro ry'ingenzi, FASTFORM ikurikiza umwuka w'ubukorikori, ikita ku ikoranabuhanga ryayo ry'ibanze kuva mu ntangiriro y'ubucuruzi bwayo, kandi iba sosiyete yonyine mu Bushinwa ikora ku giti cyayo ibice byose by'imiterere, porogaramu na sisitemu zo kugenzura.

Mu bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere rya porogaramu, porogaramu yo gutegura inzira yakozwe n'iyi sosiyete yabaye nziza cyane kurusha ubwoko bumwe bwa porogaramu z'amasosiyete yo mu mahanga, kandi imikorere yayo irakubye kabiri ugereranyije n'iya porogaramu imwe. Mu masosiyete menshi acapa ibintu mu buryo bwa 3D mu Bushinwa, FASTFORM, nk'imwe mu masosiyete make yize uburyo bw'ibanze bwo kugenzura, yakoresheje porogaramu zayo mu nganda zitandukanye, kandi itanga porogaramu zigenga z'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ku itsinda ry'ubumenyi bw'indege n'inganda. Muri icyo gihe, mu bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ibikoresho, FASTFORM ikomeje kuvugurura no kwagura urwego rw'ibikoresho, yiyemeje gushakisha ibikoresho bishya, kandi iharanira guteza imbere iterambere n'udushya mu nganda n'inganda.

Ni itsinda rifite ikoranabuhanga nk'ishingiro, rigendera ku ntego n'inzozi zaryo za mbere, amarangamutima y'abanyabukorikori, umwuka w'ubuhanga, rifata iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga nk'ishingiro, kandi rigakurikirana ubuhanga mu buryo bwose kugira ngo rigere ku ntsinzi y'itsinda n'ikigo. FASTFORM y'uyu munsi, nyuma yo kurangiza gahunda y'inkunga y'abamarayika, ikomeje gutera imbere no gukura, kandi ikurikiza ubushakashatsi n'iterambere n'udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no mu bunyamwuga, kandi imaze kugera ku iterambere ry'umusaruro inshuro nyinshi kuva yashingwa. Nk'uko bivugwa kera, "Abashyiraho ibintu bikomeye mu bihe bya kera ntabwo bafite impano zidasanzwe gusa, ahubwo banagira kwihangana." Nk'itsinda ry'abahanga b'indashyikirwa mu rubyiruko, biragaragara ko ibyo bagezeho bitangaje bitatandukanizwa n'ubushake n'imbaraga bya buri munyabukorikori.

Nk’inganda z’ingenzi mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu, inganda zagiye zihinduka buhoro buhoro bitewe n’uko isoko mpuzamahanga rikomeje kwiyongera. Kongera imbaraga mu guhanga udushya mu bya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere impinduka mu nganda zikora mu ikoranabuhanga byabaye icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’inganda zikora.

Muri iki gikorwa, ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D ryabaye rimwe mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi mu guteza imbere umusaruro w'ubwenge. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D ni ugukora igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikoranabuhanga hakurikijwe ibyo abakiriya bakeneye mbere y'igihe no kugenzura imashini icapisha ya 3D kugira ngo ikore icyitegererezo cy'ibicuruzwa umukiriya akeneye mu buryo butatu binyuze mu ihame ryo gushyira ibikoresho ku rundi rwego, kugira ngo bihuze ubuhanga n'umusaruro neza. Ukurikije icyifuzo cy'isoko, abakora bashobora gukora ibicuruzwa byihariye, byihariye kandi binonosoye hakurikijwe ibyo bakeneye kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu nzego zitandukanye, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D rifite ibyiza byinshi nta gushidikanya ko rifatwa nk'ejo hazaza h'inganda.

Ku bakora ikoranabuhanga rya 3D benshi, iterambere n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rya 3D nta gushidikanya ko byazanye impinduka zikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa ndetse n'isoko ririho ubu. Ku ba rwiyemezamirimo, iki ni igihe cy'amahirwe n'imbogamizi, kandi muri iki gikorwa cy'ubucuruzi, gusobanukirwa ikoranabuhanga rya 3D bishobora gufasha ba rwiyemezamirimo guhanga andi mahirwe mu nzego nyinshi.

Mu isoko ririmo guhinduka vuba, Dalian FASTFORM Technology Co., Ltd. ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya 3D printing kugira ngo inoze kandi ivugurure umubano uri hagati y’umusaruro, gutanga ibicuruzwa no kwamamaza. Mu nganda nyinshi zisanzwe, ibicuruzwa bigomba kunyura mu nzira ndende kuva ku gushushanya kugeza ku kugurisha, kuva ku gushushanya ibicuruzwa bya mbere, kugeza ku kwemeza igishushanyo mbonera, gukora ibumba, kugeza ku gukora ndetse no ku isoko. Ikoranabuhanga rya 3D printing rishobora gufasha abashushanya n’ibigo kugera ku gushushanya, gukora no kunoza ibicuruzwa icyarimwe mu ntangiriro z’igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibicuruzwa, ni ukuvuga ko ibibazo bishobora kuboneka no kunozwa ako kanya icyarimwe n’igishushanyo mbonera. Ibi bigabanya ikiguzi kandi bigafasha ibicuruzwa kugera ku isoko vuba.

Li Shuai yavuze ko kuzamuka kw'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D byanazamuye cyane ubushobozi bw'ibigo mu guhangana. Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwihuse, igihe ni gito, kandi ibitekerezo n'amavugurura ku gihe bishobora kugerwaho, ibyo bigatuma igihe cyo kuva ku musaruro kigera ku isoko kigabanuka cyane. Isosiyete izibanda cyane kuri serivisi ihabwa abakiriya mu cyiciro cya nyuma. Amashami n'ibigo bishobora gukoresha moderi za 3D kugira ngo bipime kandi binoze, naho ibigo byacapa mu buryo bwa 3D bishobora kunoza porogaramu n'ibicuruzwa ku gihe kugira ngo bihuze neza n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, ari na byo FASTFORM irimo gukurikirana. Urugero, ku bufatanye n'inganda zikora ibikoresho by'imashini, guhuza icapiro rya 3D n'ikorwa ry'ibikoresho by'imashini bishobora gukora ibicuruzwa vuba kandi neza. Ku rundi ruhande, iterambere rya capiro rya 3D risobanura amahitamo menshi y'ibikoresho, kandi mu nzego zitandukanye n'ikoreshwa, icapiro rya 3D rishobora kugera ku kunoza no kunoza ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu bicuruzwa no kubishyira mu bikorwa vuba.

Bigaragara ko ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ryihutisha imiterere y’ibicuruzwa mu gihe rifasha ibigo gukora ivugurura ry’ibicuruzwa no kwihutisha udushya mu bicuruzwa n’ikoranabuhanga. Nta gushidikanya ko ibi ari iterambere mu bucuruzi no ku isoko, kandi ikoreshwa ry’inganda mu gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D rizaba ingenzi ku nganda zikora ibintu by’ubwenge.

isoza

Mu iterambere ryihuse rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga muri iki gihe, haracyari umwanya munini wo gushakisha mu nganda zikora inyongeramusaruro. Ku bijyanye n'inganda zo mu Bushinwa zikora inyongeramusaruro mu buryo bwa 3D, gutangiza no gushyira mu bikorwa "Gahunda y'Igihugu yo Guteza Imbere Inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro (2014-2020)" byarushijeho gusobanura icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'inganda, kandi bitanga inkunga nyinshi mu bijyanye na politiki zo kwagura ingano y'isoko n'uburyo bwo gukoresha icapiro rya 3D.

Li Shuai, washinze FASTFORM, afite kandi icyizere gikomeye ku isoko ry'ejo hazaza, kandi yiyemeje gukomeza guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya 3D icapiro kugira ngo rirusheho kwibanda ku buhanga, ubushishozi no guhindura imiterere y'umuntu ku giti cye. Binyuze mu rugero rw'iterambere ryihariye rya Dalian FASTFORM Technology Co., Ltd., nta gushidikanya ko hari ibigo bito n'ibito mu iterambere ry'urujijo n'ishingiro ry'itsinda ry'abikorera ku giti cyabo mu ikoranabuhanga bifite icyerekezo n'intego bisobanutse neza, biyobowe na politiki zijyanye n' "ubucuruzi n'udushya rusange" by'igihugu, ndizera ko ahazaza h'abikorera ku giti cyabo hazaba heza kurushaho.