Minda yekushandisa uye kuvandudzwa kwekudhinda kwe3D titanium alloy

Titanium ndeimwe yesimbi dzinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira zvinhu zvekuwedzera uye inoshandiswa mundege, majoini ekutsiva uye maturusi ekuvhiya, mafuremu emujaho nemabhasikoro, zvemagetsi nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine simba guru. Titanium ne titanium-based alloys zvinokosheswa nemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana nekuda kwesimba razvo repamusoro remakanika, chiyero chakasimba chesimba-kuhuremu, uye kuramba kuri nani kwengura kupfuura simbi isina ngura. Kushandiswa kwechinhu ichi kunogona kuita kuti maroketi nendege zvive nyore, nokudaro zvichichengetedza mafuta uye kuwedzera kugona kwemutoro. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira zvemagetsi zvinorema senge mafoni neVR goggles, pamwe nemidziyo yekurapa. Uyezve, kana hunhu hwetitanium hwakabatana nekugona kwakasiyana kwe3D printing, zvakanakira zvichave pachena zvakanyanya. Saka, ndeapi mashandisirwo chaiwo e3D printed titanium? Ndeapi matitanium akajairika PurindaZviri pamusika here?

△Zvikamu zvetitanium zvakadhindwa ne3D

Majoini ehudyu anobva kuGE Additive, mafeni eSciaky, maroketi eArcam Darker, zvikamu zvetitanium lattice kubva ku3D Systems, titanium stents kubva kuEOS, ma surgery spinal implants kubva kuZenith Tecnica

Kudhinda kwe3D inobvumira kugadzirwa kwetitanium zvinobudirira ukuwo ichideredza marara ezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa. Semuchina wekuwedzera, kudhinda kwesimbi mu3D kunowanzo shandisa zvinhu zvinodiwa chete kuvaka chikamu chacho, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvishoma zvinotsigira chimiro. Kudhinda mu3D kunogonesawo magadzirirwo akaomarara, akadai semigero yemukati uye zvikamu zvisina chinhu kana lattice kuti zvideredze huremu, izvo zvisingagoneke neimwe nzira yekugadzira. Nekuti hapana maforoma kana maturusi, kudhinda mu3D mutitanium kunogona kugadzira zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita semaimplants emurwere, maprototypes, uye maturusi ekutsvagisa. Kune mienzaniso isingaverengeki yetitanium yekudhinda mu3D yekusimudzira kugadzirwa, hutano, kutsvaga nzvimbo nezvimwe.

Mashandisirwo e3D kudhinda titanium alloy

△Muna 2023, Panerai yakaburitsa Submersible S Brabus PAM01283 ine bhokisi retitanium rakadhindwa mu3D. Mufananidzo uri kurudyi unoratidza kuti Holthinrichs Deconstructed yakatanga wachi yekutanga yetitanium yakadhindwa mu3D.

Kudhinda kweTitanium 3D kwatove kushandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita semidziyo yekurapa, mabhasikoro ekushanda, mawachi eumbozha uye midziyo yemagetsi inoshandiswa nevatengi, netariro yekupa zvigadzirwa zvakareruka asi zvakasimba kuburikidza nemagadzirirwo matsva, anowanzo gadzirwa nemaoko.

● Zvigadzirwa nemazvo uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi

Kudhinda kwe3D kunogona kugadzira zvikamu zvetitanium zvine madziro matete uye akaomarara, izvo zvinowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mabhokisi ewachi, akadai semawachi ePanerai neHolthinrichs anoratidzwa pamusoro apa. Zvinonzi mabhokisi emawachi etitanium alloy achavawo chikamu chinotevera cheApple Watch Ultra.

△Chivharo chehinge chetitanium alloy chakadhindwa ne3D chakashandiswa mufoni ye2023 Honor Magic V2 inopetwa

Muna 2023, kambani inogadzira mafoni emafoni inonzi Honor yakatanga kugadzira Magic V2 yayo itsva inopetwa, ine chifukidziro che3D-printed titanium hinged shift cover chakareruka uye chakasimba ne150% kupfuura vhezheni yekare yealuminium. Honor akati chidimbu ichi chidiki chetitanium, chinogona kudhindwa mu3D mumakumi ezviuru, ndicho chinoita kuti chigadzirwa chigare kwenguva refu uye kuti chipetwe zvakanaka uye chipetwe zvakanaka.

● Mishonga yekurapa uye yemazino

△American Orthofix Medical's 3D printed titanium implant Construx Mimi Ti Spacer System yakatenderwa neUS FDA muna 2021

Muindasitiri yezvekurapa, ma "implants" e "titanium" akadhindwa ne3D akabudirira mukushandiswa kwemusana, chiuno, mabvi, uye makumbo nekuda kwekushanda kwesimbi iyi pamwe chete nehunyanzvi hwakanaka hwemakanika, pamwe nekukwanisa kudhinda ma "structures" ane maburi (zvichigonesa osseointegration) uye kugadzirisa huwandu hwemasero kuti murwere awane mhedzisiro iri nani. Ma "implants" e "titanium" akadhindwa ne3D ari kuwana mvumo uye kudiwa kwemutemo. Sezvo ma "implants" mazhinji ekurapa akagadzirwa kuti avhare vanhu vakawanda vane chirwere chimwe chete, haana kukodzera munhu wese. Vanhu vane zvirwere zvisingawanzoitiki vanowanzo bviswa. Iye zvino, ne "3D printing", zvinokwanisika kugadzira ma "implants" akagadzirirwa varwere vega vega.

Muna 2023, chiremba wekuvhiya muUK akaita maoparesheni mana emaoko pazuva rimwe chete, achishandisa mapuratifomu etitanium akadhindwa nemurwere e3D kugadzirisa hurema hwemaoko hwakanga hwatyoka kare. Dr Akshay Malhotra, chiremba wemapfupa uye chiremba wezvekurapa maoko, akati: "Kana chirongwa ichi chapera, mapuratifomu akagadzirwa nemaoko anodhindwa achishandisa upfu hwetitanium, ozoedzwa, otumirwa kuUK uye oiswa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona kuCounty Hospital vachigadzirira kuvhiyiwa."

△Zvikuruu zvetitanium zvakadhindwa mu3D zveCoreLink zvine chimiro chine maburi chinokurudzira kukura kwemapfupa, uye majoini matsva etitanium eFingerKit Consortium anogadzirwa nemurwere.

Vanachiremba vekuManipal Hospital muIndia vakashandisa titanium yakadhindwa mu3D pavakarapa murwere wegomarara ane bundu raiparadza chipfuva chake muna 2022. Kazhinji, ma implants ehukuru hwakadai angave akaremara zvekuti muviri wemunhu haukwanise kutakura, asi nekuti titanium yakareruka uye yakasimba, inorema pasi pe250 gramu, yakakodzera kudhinda ma implants mumuviri. Nekuda kwekubudirira kwe 3D printed implant, murwere akapora zvizere uye akakwanisa kudzokera kuhupenyu hwake hwemazuva ese asina kuvimba nemichina yekunze kuti imubatsire kufema.

△Kuburikidza nekudhinda kwe3D titanium, Angel Cycle Works yakakwanisa kuderedza huremu zvakanyanya uye kugadzirisa dhizaini yebhasikoro idzva reHeaven.

Titanium yakadhindwa ne3D yakajairika mumabhasikoro emazuva ano. Titanium inoshandiswa mumacrank, mabrake levers, mastems, derailleur hangers, uye kunyange mafuremu akazara. Titanium yakasimba sealuminium uye yakareruka secarbon fiber, pasina matambudziko ekuchengetedza carbon fiber. Mugadziri wemabhasikoro Carbon Wasp anotsanangura kuti sei vari kusiya aluminum necarbon fiber vachisarudza kushandisa 3D printed titanium kuvaka maoko avo ekupedzisira e crank. Carbon Wasp yakati: "Takauya nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzira dzekusunga crank ku gearbox shaft tisingasvine carbon fiber, asi paigara paine zvimwe zvinhu zvesimbi zvinodiwa, uye kunamira zvinoiswa kucarbon fiber kwaizova nematambudziko. Kumibvunzo isingaperi. Mushure mekuita prototyping, Carbon Wasp yakawana kuti crank ye3D yakadhindwa lattice-filled titanium yakareruka secarbon asi yakasimba munzvimbo dzinokurumidza kukuvadzwa. Tichiri kufunga kuti carbon fiber ndiyo yakanakisa kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira furemu, asi tatove kushanda pane zvimwe zvikamu zvetitanium."

Tichitaura nezvemafuremu akazara, mugadziri wemabhasikoro Angel Cycle Works anoti yakadhinda furemu yetitanium yese muchikamu chimwe chete chakareruka, icho chinobvisa masekondi akakosha kubva panguva yemujaho uye chinoita kuti magadzirirwo matsva egeometrics ave akanaka. Bhasikoro rayo idzva, rinonzi Heaven, rakareruka magiramu mazana mana kupfuura vhezheni yapfuura. Imwe furemu yetitanium yese yakatangwa nePilot gore rino inonzi Pilot Seiren. Furemu yebhasikoro remumugwagwa yakadhindwa zvizere kubva mutitanium (yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu). Kambani iyi inoti titanium yekudhinda ye3D inoita kuti igone kugadzirisa bhasikoro kuti rienderane nezvinodiwa nemutyairi, uye furemu haidi pendi kana kupendwa.

△Kambani yemabhasikoro Mythos inopa vatengi zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvetitanium zvakadhindwa mu3D, kusanganisira ma handlebars aya, ukuwo Verve Cycling (kurudyi) ichipa ma crank matsva etitanium akadhindwa mu3D.

△GKN Aerospace inoronga kuwedzera muchina mutsva wekudhinda wetitanium 3D mufekitori yayo yeTexas

△Sezvo NASA ichingoda imwe chete, zvikamu zvetitanium zvinodhindwa ne3D zveruoko runogona kushandiswa pamwedzi zvine musoro kupfuura kugadzirwa kwechinyakare.

● Kugadzira

Mugadziri we semiconductor ASML ikozvino ari kudhinda ne3D pane kugadzira titanium carrier tray preforms (inoshandiswa mukugadzira wafer), achichengetedza 64% yezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa uye achikurumidza kuzviunza. Norsk Titanium, kambani inogadzira simbi inoshandisa directed energy deposition (DED), iri kudhinda makirogiramu makumi masere (anenge mapaundi zana nemakumi manomwe nematanhatu) e near-net shape preforms neTi64 kuti ishandiswe mukugadzira semiconductor wafer.

△Chibato chehub chetitanium alloy wheel chakadhindwa ne3D chakagadzirwa neYunivhesiti yeWashington

△Upfu hweTitanium

Makambani akati wandei, kusanganisira Virtual Foundry, anopa waya yetitanium ye extruder-based fused deposition modeling (FDM). Zvinhu izvi zvine upfu hwesimbi hwakaiswa muPLA uye zvinogona kudhindwa uchishandisa maprinta eFDM patembiricha ye extruder iri pamusoro pe205 °C. Mushure mekugadziriswa nekupiswa, filaments idzi dzinogona kugadzira zvikamu zvesimbi zvine huwandu hwesimbi hunopfuura 90%, zvichiita kuti zvikodzere kushandiswa pakugadzira.

△Rabhoritari yekudhinda ye3D yeUniversity metal, Washington Joint Center for Earth Abundant Materials Deployment and Research, inogadzira zvikamu kubva mu titanium

Muchidimbu, kukura kwetitanium yakadhindwa mu3D mune ramangwana kwakazara netariro uye kuchaita basa guru muminda yakawanda. Kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwayo, titanium yakadhindwa mu3D ichaunza zvikamu zvesimbi zviri nyore, zvinoshanda uye zvemhando yepamusoro munharaunda.