Nā kahua noi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka paʻi 3D titanium alloy

ʻO Titanium kekahi o nā metala i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana hoʻohui a hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka aerospace, nā mea hoʻololi hui a me nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki, nā mōlina heihei a me nā paikikala, nā mea uila a me nā huahana hana kiʻekiʻe ʻē aʻe. Ua mahalo ʻia nā titanium a me nā mea hoʻohuihui titanium e nā ʻoihana like ʻole no ko lākou ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke kila kila. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mea hiki ke hoʻomāmā i nā rockets a me nā mokulele, no laila e mālama ana i ka wahie a hoʻonui i ka hiki ke uku. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā mea uila māmā e like me nā kelepona akamai a me nā goggles VR, a me nā implants lapaʻau. Eia kekahi, ke hui pū ʻia nā waiwai kūlohelohe o titanium me nā hiki kū hoʻokahi o ka paʻi 3D, e ʻoi aku ka maopopo o nā pono. No laila, he aha nā hoʻohana kikoʻī o ka titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D? He aha nā titanium maʻamau Mea paʻiaia ma ka mākeke?

△Nā ʻāpana titanium i paʻi ʻia ma 3D

Nā hui ʻūhā mai GE Additive, nā pahi peʻahi mai Sciaky, nā wēlau rocket mai Arcam Darker, nā ʻāpana titanium lattice mai 3D Systems, nā stents titanium mai EOS, nā implants spinal surgical mai Zenith Tecnica

Paʻi 3d ʻae i ka hana ʻana o ka titanium me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpala maka. Ma ke ʻano he ʻenehana hoʻohui, hoʻohana pinepine ka paʻi 3D metala i nā mea e pono ai ke kūkulu i ka ʻāpana, me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā mea kūkulu kākoʻo. Hiki i ka paʻi 3D ke hiki i nā hoʻolālā paʻakikī, e like me nā kahawai kūloko a me nā ʻāpana hakahaka a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻāpana i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka lattice e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia me kekahi ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe mold a mea hana paha, hiki i ka paʻi 3D titanium ke hana i nā ʻāpana hoʻokahi-o-a-ʻano e like me nā implants kikoʻī no ka mea maʻi, nā prototypes, a me nā mea hana noiʻi. Nui nā hiʻohiʻona o ka paʻi 3D titanium e hoʻolaha i ka hana ʻana, ka mālama ola, ka ʻimi ākea a me nā mea hou aku.

Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka titanium alloy paʻi 3D

△I ka makahiki 2023, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Panerai i ka Submersible S Brabus PAM01283 i lako me kahi hihia titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D. Hōʻike ke kiʻi ma ka ʻākau ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Holthinrichs Deconstructed i ka uaki titanium mua i paʻi ʻia 3D.

Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paʻi ʻana o Titanium 3D e hana i nā huahana e like me nā mea lapaʻau, nā paikikala hana, nā wati hanohano a me nā mea uila mea kūʻai aku, me ka manaʻolana e hāʻawi i nā huahana māmā akā ikaika ma o nā hoʻolālā hou, pinepine i hana maʻamau.

● Nā huahana kikoʻī a me nā huahana uila

Hiki i ka paʻi 3D ke hana i nā ʻāpana titanium paʻakikī a lahilahi loa, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hana i nā hihia wati, e like me nā wati Panerai lāua ʻo Holthinrichs i hōʻike ʻia ma luna. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e lilo pū nā hihia wati titanium alloy i ʻāpana e hiki mai ana o ka Apple Watch Ultra.

△Uhi hoʻololi hinge titanium alloy i paʻi ʻia 3D i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ke kelepona pelu Honor Magic V2 2023

I ka makahiki 2023, ua hoʻolauna ka mea hana kelepona ʻo Honor i kāna Magic V2 pelu hou, nona kahi uhi hoʻololi hinged titanium i paʻi ʻia me ka 3D i ʻoi aku ka māmā a me ka 150% ikaika ma mua o ka mana alumini ma mua. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Honor ʻo kēia ʻāpana titanium liʻiliʻi, hiki ke paʻi ʻia me ka 3D i nā ʻumi tausani, ʻo ia ke kī i ka lōʻihi o ka huahana a me ka pelu mālie a me ka wehe ʻana.

● Nā mea hoʻokomo lapaʻau a me nā niho

△Ua ʻāpono ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokomo titanium Construx Mimi Ti i paʻi 3D a American Orthofix Medical e ka US FDA i ka makahiki 2021

I loko o ka ʻoihana lapaʻau, ua holomua nā implants titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D i nā noi spine, hip, kuli, a me nā lālā ma muli o ka biocompatibility kūlohelohe o ka metala a me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi, me ka hiki ke paʻi 3D i nā ʻano porous maʻamau (no laila e hiki ai i ka osseointegration) a me ka hoʻopilikino nui ʻana no nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe o ka mea maʻi. Ke loaʻa nei i nā implants titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D ka ʻae ʻia a me ke koi. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā implants lapaʻau i hana ʻia e uhi i ka nui o ka poʻe me ke kūlana like, ʻaʻole kūpono lākou no nā mea āpau. Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ka poʻe me nā maʻi laha ʻole. I kēia manawa, me ka paʻi 3D, hiki ke hana i nā implants i hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia no nā maʻi pākahi.

I ka makahiki 2023, ua hana kekahi kauka lapaʻau ma UK i ʻehā mau ʻoki pulima i ka lā hoʻokahi, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā papa titanium i paʻi ʻia i ka 3D e ka mea maʻi e hoʻoponopono i nā deformities pulima i haki mua ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Akshay Malhotra, ke kauka lapaʻau orthopedic kūkākūkā a me ke alakaʻi lapaʻau no nā lima a me nā pulima: "Ke pau kēia kaʻina hana hoʻolālā, ua paʻi ʻia nā papa bespoke me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauka titanium, a laila hoʻāʻo ʻia, hoʻouna ʻia i UK a sterilized ma ka Halemai Kalana no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ke ʻoki ʻana."

△Hōʻike nā wili titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D o CoreLink i kahi ʻano porous e hoʻolaha ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka iwi, a me nā hui manamana lima titanium hou a ka FingerKit Consortium i hoʻopilikino ʻia e ka mea maʻi

Ua hoʻohana nā kauka ma ka Halemai ʻo Manipal ma India i ka titanium i paʻi ʻia i ka 3D i ko lākou mālama ʻana i kahi maʻi kanesa nona ka puʻupuʻu e hoʻopau ana i kona umauma i ka makahiki 2022. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ke kaumaha o nā implants o kēia nui no ke kino o ke kanaka e amo ai, akā no ka mea he māmā a ikaika loa ka titanium, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 250 grams, kūpono ia no ka paʻi ʻana i nā implants i loko o ke kino. Mahalo i ka holomua o ka implant i paʻi ʻia i ka 3D, ua hoʻōla piha ka mea maʻi a hiki iā ia ke hoʻi i kona ola maʻamau me ka hilinaʻi ʻole i nā mīkini waho e kōkua iā ia e hanu.

△Ma o ka paʻi ʻana o ka titanium 3D, ua hiki iā Angel Cycle Works ke hōʻemi nui i ke kaumaha a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke kaʻa paikikala Heaven hou

He mea maʻamau ka titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D i nā paikikala hana o kēia wā. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Titanium i nā cranks, nā levers brake, nā kumu, nā derailleur hangers, a me nā mōlina piha. He ikaika ka Titanium e like me ka alumini a he māmā e like me ke kalapona fiber, me ka ʻole o nā pilikia hoʻomau o ke kalapona fiber. Ua wehewehe ka mea hana paikikala ʻo Carbon Wasp i ke kumu e haʻalele ai i ka alumini a me ke kalapona fiber no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka titanium i paʻi ʻia 3D e kūkulu i kāna mau lima crank aftermarket hou loa. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Carbon Wasp: "Ua hele mai mākou me nā ʻano hana like ʻole e hoʻopaʻa i ka crank i ka ʻau pahu pahu me ka ʻole o ka ʻomi ʻana i ke kalapona fiber, akā aia mau kekahi mau mea hoʻokomo metala e pono ai, a ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea hoʻokomo i ke kalapona fiber e loaʻa nā pilikia. I nā nīnau pau ʻole. Ma hope o kekahi prototyping, ua ʻike ʻo Carbon Wasp he māmā like ka crank titanium i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka lattice i paʻi ʻia 3D me ke kalapona akā ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma nā wahi i pilikia loa. Manaʻo mākou ʻo ke kalapona fiber ka mea maikaʻi loa no nā hoʻohana ʻē aʻe he nui.

Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i nā mōlina piha, ua ʻōlelo ka mea hana paikikala ʻo Angel Cycle Works ua paʻi 3D ʻia kahi mōlina titanium āpau i loko o hoʻokahi ʻāpana māmā, kahi e hōʻemi ai i nā kekona koʻikoʻi mai nā manawa heihei a hiki ai ke hoʻolālā i nā geometries hou. ʻO kāna superbike hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo Heaven, he 400 grams ka māmā ma mua o ka mana ma mua. ʻO kekahi mōlina titanium āpau i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e Pilot i kēia makahiki ua kapa ʻia ʻo Pilot Seiren. ʻO ke mōlina o ke paikikala alanui ua paʻi 3D wale ʻia mai ka titanium (i māhele ʻia i ʻekolu ʻāpana). Wahi a ka hui ʻo ka paʻi 3D titanium e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopilikino i ke paikikala i ka makemake o ka mea holo, a ʻaʻole pono ke mōlina i kekahi pena a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana.

△Hāʻawi ka hui paikikala ʻo Mythos i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā ʻano ʻāpana titanium i paʻi ʻia i ka 3D, me kēia mau handlebars, ʻoiai ʻo Verve Cycling (ʻākau) e hāʻawi ana i nā cranks titanium hou i paʻi ʻia i ka 3D.

Hoʻolālā ʻo GKN Aerospace e hoʻohui i kahi mīkini paʻi 3D titanium nui hou i kāna hale hana ma Texas

△ʻOiai hoʻokahi wale nō mea e pono ai ʻo NASA, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana titanium paʻi 3D no ka lima hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia no ka mahina ma mua o ka hana kuʻuna.

● Hana ʻana

ʻO ka mea hana semiconductor ASML i kēia manawa ke paʻi 3D nei ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā preforms tray lawe titanium (hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana wafer), e mālama ana i ka 64% i nā mea maka a hāʻawi wikiwiki iā lākou. ʻO Norsk Titanium, kahi hui hana hoʻohui metala e hoʻohana ana i kahi kahua hoʻokaʻawale ikehu kuhikuhi (DED), ke paʻi nei i 80 kilokani (ma kahi o 176 paona) o nā preforms ʻano kokoke-ʻupena me Ti64 no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana wafer semiconductor.

△ʻO ke kaula huila titanium i paʻi ʻia ma 3D i hana ʻia e ke Kulanui o Wakinekona

△Pauka titanium

Hāʻawi kekahi mau ʻoihana, me Virtual Foundry, i ka uea titanium no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i hoʻokumu ʻia ma extruder (FDM). Loaʻa i ka mea ka pauka metala i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka PLA a hiki ke paʻi ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini paʻi FDM ma nā mahana extruder ma luna o 205 °C. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana ma hope a me ka sintering, hiki i kēia mau filaments ke hana i nā ʻāpana metala me ka nui o ka metala ma luna o 90%, e kūpono ai no ka prototyping.

△Ke keʻena hoʻokolohua paʻi 3D metala o ke kulanui, ʻo Washington Joint Center for Earth Abundant Materials Deployment and Research, hana i nā ʻāpana mai ka titanium

I ka pōkole, ua piha ka manaʻolana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka titanium i paʻi ʻia ma 3D i ka wā e hiki mai ana a e pāʻani i kahi kuleana nui aʻe ma nā ʻano he nui. Ma o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hana hou ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā noi, e lawe mai ka titanium i paʻi ʻia ma 3D i nā ʻāpana metala ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, ka pono a me ke kiʻekiʻe i ke kaiāulu.